{"id":15124,"date":"2025-12-20T22:01:00","date_gmt":"2025-12-20T19:01:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/?p=15124"},"modified":"2025-12-28T22:08:24","modified_gmt":"2025-12-28T19:08:24","slug":"%d9%85%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%b1%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%b5%d8%b1-%d9%83%d8%a7%d8%b8%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/?p=15124","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u064a\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a):<\/strong> \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646&#8221; (1984)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644&#8221; (1989) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a):<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u063a\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u0631\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0639 \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632&#8221; (1990)\u060c &#8220;\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0647&#8221; (1994)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 &#8220;\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628&#8221; (1997)\u060c &#8220;\u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0649&#8221; (1998)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631&#8221; (1999).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0629):<\/strong> \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644&#8221; (2000)\u060c &#8220;\u062d\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646&#8221; (2003)\u060c \u0648&#8221;\u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630\u0629&#8221; (2004)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 &#8220;\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a&#8221; (2009) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0643\u0631\u0633 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0635\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0635\u062d\u0649.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0642\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u062f\u0629 (2011 &#8211; 2024):<\/strong> \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0621\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 &#8220;\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0644\u0648\u0639\u0629&#8221; (2011)\u060c \u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628&#8221; (2016)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0628&#8221; (2024).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"558\" src=\"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643-\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628-\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631-1024x558.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-15126\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643-\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628-\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631-1024x558.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643-\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628-\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631-1536x837.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643-\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a-\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628-\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645-\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631.png 2000w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628 \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0648\u062b\u0642 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0641\u0648\u063a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0629 &#8220;\u0642\u064a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a&#8221; \u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644\u062a \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0631\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b: \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a): \u062a\u0631\u0635\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u0634\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646&#8221; (1984)\u060c \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0645 &#8220;\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0644&#8221; (1989) \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062e\u0637\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 &hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":15125,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[841,7],"tags":[4936,4935,4937,4938],"class_list":["post-15124","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-841","category-7","tag-4936","tag-4935","tag-4937","tag-4938"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/12\/\u0643\u0627\u0638\u0645.png","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p9Nn0U-3VW","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15124","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15124"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15124\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15127,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15124\/revisions\/15127"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/15125"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15124"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15124"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.raghebnotes.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15124"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}